As excited as I’m about how briskly synthetic intelligence is advancing, I’m extraordinarily involved that our vitality infrastructure received’t be as much as the problem.
By 2030, AI knowledge facilities may devour practically 10% of all of the electrical energy produced in the USA.
Supply: Goldman Sachs
That’s extra energy than each residence in California and New York mixed.
And we’re feeling the pressure already.
In Virginia — the epicenter of America’s knowledge heart trade — utilities are warning of multi-year delays to attach new tasks. And in Georgia and Texas, regulators are scrambling to approve new pure gasoline vegetation simply to maintain up with the demand.
Even Wall Avenue is on excessive alert about this problem. Goldman Sachs estimates that energy demand from U.S. knowledge facilities will greater than double by 2030, pushed nearly completely by AI.
But our energy grid is already stretched to its limits.
And if the grid can’t sustain, then how will America energy the subsequent technology of AI?
We’ve talked about how nuclear vitality may grow to be the final word energy supply for AI…
And the way fusion may present limitless vitality sooner or later.
However what if I advised you that the Earth’s crust holds a shocking vitality supply that would provide humanity’s vitality wants for the subsequent 170,000 years?
Enter Hydrogen
Clear vitality proponents often give attention to photo voltaic panels or wind generators.
However with out regular backup, they’ll depart total areas susceptible when demand surges or the climate turns.
These vitality sources additionally take up a number of land, and communities usually push again as a result of they don’t need generators or photo voltaic fields hurting their views or property values.
That’s why a special clear know-how has began transferring into the highlight…
Hydrogen gasoline cells.
As a substitute of burning gasoline, a hydrogen cell splits molecules to generate electrical energy.
Picture: Volvo Building Gear & Providers
The one byproduct they create is water, and that may be reused for cooling in knowledge facilities.
To be clear, this isn’t a brand new know-how. Hydrogen gasoline cells have been a distinct segment supply of vitality for many years now.
They’ve been used as backup energy for telecom towers and in experimental buses in California. They’ve even been utilized in forklifts in Amazon’s warehouses.
However now, they’re being scaled to energy a number of the most energy-hungry machines on Earth.
The very best instance sits simply outdoors Houston, the place a startup known as ECL has constructed what it calls the world’s first off-grid, hydrogen-powered AI campus.
This pilot facility runs one megawatt of gasoline cell capability. That’s sufficient to drive racks of NVIDIA’s newest GB300 and NVL72 programs, that are a number of the most superior AI chips available on the market.
However ECL isn’t stopping there.
Its subsequent part requires one gigawatt of capability. That’s a thousand-fold soar.
For perspective, that’s the dimensions of a full-scale nuclear plant. Besides this facility will likely be modular, scalable and emission-free.
What makes ECL’s design distinctive is its effectivity. The information heart runs at an influence utilization effectiveness (PUE) of simply 1.1, in comparison with a typical facility’s 1.5 or larger.
And wastewater from the cells is captured and recycled to chill the info heart. Meaning there’s no want for exterior water. And that’s going to be essential as droughts proceed to hit the American West.
It additionally exhibits why hydrogen has just lately began getting federal backing.
In late 2023, the Division of Power (DOE) introduced $7 billion in federal funding to launch seven regional clear hydrogen hubs to speed up hydrogen manufacturing, storage and distribution.
These hubs have been deliberate to span areas together with the Gulf Coast, Midwest and Appalachia, and have been chosen to anchor new hydrogen infrastructure throughout strategic corridors.
The DOE anticipated that, with the assistance of personal firms, the full funding may rise to almost $50 billion.
However that hit a snag final week when the DOE introduced it could cancel over $7.5 billion in financing for a whole bunch of vitality tasks.
Amongst these deliberate cancellations was funding for proposed hydrogen hubs in California and the Pacific Northwest.
But when we are able to get previous partisan politics and give attention to what’s finest for our nation’s vitality wants, new hydrogen hubs could possibly be an enormous boon for each AI and the environment.
Right here’s My Take
Till now, hydrogen’s greatest downside has been discovering a buyer sufficiently big to justify scaling up.
If AI knowledge facilities grow to be that buyer, the rollout of hydrogen as an vitality supply may speed up a lot quicker than anticipated.
However hydrogen isn’t a silver bullet that may immediately remedy our vitality wants. And there are nonetheless some main points that should be solved.
Most hydrogen at this time is comprised of pure gasoline, not renewable electrical energy. Transporting and storing it at scale is pricey. And hydrogen gasoline cells should show they’ll run for years with out downtime. That’s a non-negotiable requirement for hyperscale computing.
However AI is forcing the U.S. to rethink the way it generates and delivers energy. And hydrogen is without doubt one of the few applied sciences that may ship massive quantities of electrical energy, on-site, with out ready many years for brand spanking new transmission strains.
A latest report signifies that Earth’s crust may maintain naturally occurring hydrogen reserves massive sufficient to provide humanity’s vitality wants for 170,000 years.
That will imply a less expensive, quicker path to off-grid hydrogen knowledge facilities…
And a brand new vitality race over who faucets these underground reserves first.
However although this report is promising, most consultants see it as a long-shot situation that’s nonetheless years from proving viable at scale.
I’m bullish on hydrogen because the “gasoline of the longer term.”
And with AI demand surging previous what the grid can provide, that future is likely to be nearer than we predict.
Regards,
Ian King
Chief Strategist, Banyan Hill Publishing
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